High temperature applications of solar energy for electricity and industrial process. A solar thermal power plant was already constructed close to cairo at the beginning of the 20th century. How solar thermal power can be the future of renewable. The most common type of solar thermal power plants, including those plants in californias mojave desert, use a parabolic trough design to collect the suns radiation. For a supercritical power plant the best thermal efficiency may be around 4547%. The steam produced from the heated fluid powers a generator that produces electricity. Aug 18, 2017 therefore i would prefer to explain the role that solar thermal power plants could play. The steam drives a steam turbine that is connected to a generator these types of plants have the same operating principle. Since the areaspecific power density is limited, the irradiation is concentrated by an optical system onto an absorber to obtain elevated temperatures allowing an effective transformation of heat into mechanical work. Power plants which use the solar energy hereinafter referred to as. Sahara desert is sufficient in order to meet the worlds electricity requirements with solar thermal power plants. California and are now being built in spain and the us, the growing interest in.
A passive system requires no equipment, like when heat builds up inside your car when its left parked in the sun. Nowadays, parabolic trough solar thermal plants are prevalent around the world. All solar thermal systems capture the energy of the. Due to this law solar thermal power generation is given new impetus. One silver lining of global climate change and human impact on the land is that more and more farmland is becoming unsuitable for agricultural production. Photovoltaic pv power plants generally offer low generation costs and volatile electricity production, but cannot secure supplies by themselves. Parabolic trough power plant with thermal energy storage animation parabolic trough power plants. A vast area will be economically unreasonable whereas a small area will mainly. The basic principle of solar thermal heating is to utilize the suns energy and convert it into heat which is then transferred into your home or business heating system in the form of hot water and space heating.
An active system requires some way to absorb and collect solar radiation and then store it. What is the working principle of thermal power plant. Design analysis for expansion of shiraz solar power plant. University of south florida design, construction and. Therefore i would prefer to explain the role that solar thermal power plants could play. Introduction on solar energy and solar power plants mande blog. The rapid growth over the past few years has led to a fast development inconcentrated solar power csp technology and to an increase in. The efficiency of a solar thermal power plant is the product of the collector efficiency, field efficiency and steamcycle efficiency. List of current solar thermal power plants in operation.
Solar thermal power plants designed for solaronly generation. Hence the primary challenge of the csp industry is how to improve installation and operating costs, as well as the efficiency of csp plants to make csp energy. Thermal power station process flowchart and diagram. The solar thermal power plant technology, the opportunities it presents and the developments in the market are outlined. Solar thermal collectors are classified by the united states energy information administration as low, medium, or hightemperature collectors. Solar thermal power plants use the energy of solar radiation to provide the heat needed to operate a thermal power cycle. How parabolic trough power plants work troughlike mirrors of the solar field. This paper compares the two technologies, providing a short description of how they work, areas in which they operate and costdevelopments. The basic principals behind modern solar thermal systems.
A solar thermal power plant or solar thermal power plant is an industrial installation in which solar radiation is used to generate electricity solar radiation is used to heat a fluid. The andasol solar power station, spain, uses a molten salt thermal energy storage to generate electricity, even when the sun isnt shining. Solar photovoltaic pv systems an overview figure 1. Lowtemperature collectors are generally unglazed and used to heat swimming pools or to heat ventilation air. A solar power generator uses the suns energy to create electricity. The concentrated solar thermal power csp plant is a pilot facility designed to prove the potential of vast solars lowcost, modular csp technology, which uses molten salt as a thermal storage medium. Thermal efficiency of a thermal power plant is the ratio of electrical energy generated to the chemical energy of fuel consumed. The steam drives a steam turbine that is connected to a generator. One of the most important problems for industrial countries in the upcoming decades is the replacement of fossil fuel energy sources with renewable energy technologies. Pdf modelling of solar thermal power plant using parabolic.
Design of a 25 mwe solar thermal power plant in iran with. The focus is on the technology of parabolic trough power plants, a proven technology for solar power generation on a large scale. Tes capacities up to 8 hours full load will be considered, which could significantly increase the solar share of a hybrid power plant, such as an isccs. Solar power plant, shiraz solar ower plant thermal pstpp, solar parabolic collector, plant expansion. Worlds biggest solar thermal power plant just got approved. Introduction on solar energy and solar power plants. Solar thermal power plants and their advantages cinema 2, neelsie student centre.
Apply to engineer, analyst, billing representative and more. Nov 10, 2016 the use of conventional components, as well as the combination of a solar thermal power plant with fossil power plants into a hybrid power plant, is absolutely possible. Energy conversion taking place in the thermal power plant 5 5. As solar power plant s main aim is to supply good amount of power when a person needs it the most. From tax subsidies for american homeowners who install solar panels on their roofs to chinas massive buildup in new solar capacity, to germanys socalled energy transition that relies heavily on solar power, its fair to say that generating electricity from sunshine has come of age. Solar thermal and photovoltaic power plants in comparison. A solar thermal electricity generating system also known as solar thermal power plant is an emerging renewable energy technology, where we generate the thermal energy by concentrating and converting the direct solar radiation at mediumhigh temperature 300. How solar thermal power can be the future of renewable energy. Several solar thermal power facilities in the united states have two or more solar power plants with separate arrays and generators.
Unlike a photoelectric panel, which converts sunlight directly into electrical current, a solar thermal generator uses the suns heat to create electricity. Modelling of solar thermal power plant using parabolic trough collector article pdf available in journal of power and energy engineering 0408. For each of the solar panel the corresponding data available are as below voc 37 volt isc 8. Solar thermal power plants concentrated solar power, csp for short on the other hand provide fixed capacities, since they have integrated heat storage systems and partly pursue a. Solar thermal systems there are two types of solar thermal systems. The fuel transported to the plant is generally bigger in particle size and before it is fed to the boiler furnace it is broken down into smaller pieces using crushers. Conversion efficiency of the plant is approximately 15. Only few technologies among the renewables offer this base load ability.
Solar power tower systems are another type of solar thermal system. Operation of a solar thermal parabolic trough collector plant. However, until now gas turbines have only been operated with solar energy in experimen tal systems. Solar thermal power plants typically require 14 to 1 square mile or more of land. The rapid growth over the past few years has led to a fast development inconcentrated solar. The collector efficiency depends on the angle of incidence of the sunlight and the temperature in the absorber tube, and can reach values up to 75%. The ivanpah solar project in san bernardino, california, united states. These collectors are known as linear concentrator systems, and the largest are able to generate 80 megawatts of electricity source.
Compared to other renewable energy technologies, the solar thermal power industry is a relatively new industry with a limited operational experience. The term solar thermal power plant comprises power plants which first convert. Also this system is used for heating houses during cold days. Smrrdspvoh 14000238 rr donnelley publishing india private limited. Also solar power plants are installed as back up of electricity. In a parabolic trough power plant, troughshaped mirrors concentrate the solar irradiation onto a pipe in the focal line of the collector. A vast area will be economically unreasonable whereas a small area will mainly cause. Highefficiency solar thermal power plants using the dense particle suspension in order to quantify and evaluate both the technical and economic potential of the dps, this paper presents the design of a 50 mw e csp plant based around this new htf and compares it with the performance of an identically sized conventional molten salt power plant.
And as renewables become more and more important to our power grids, expect to see this huge solar thermal plant eventually get eclipsed by a bigger one. Solar thermal power plants power technology energy. Solar pv power generation system detailed project report for. The remaining thermal energy will be provided by a natural gas boiler, which will work in series with the solar field and supply thermal energy to the power block when the solar energy is not available. The ps10 and ps20 solar power plant near seville, in andalusia, spain. At present several solar plant projects in spain and also in other sunny countries all over the world are in the planning phase. A steam can only attain a particular temperature at a particular pressure. Jun 22, 2017 a solar thermal power plant or solar thermal power plant is an industrial installation in which solar radiation is used to generate electricity.
Solar thermal power generation systems also known as solar thermal electricity. Trends and future outlook for thermal power plants 71 fig. The mirrors reflect solar radiation and concentrate it onto receiving tubes that have a heatabsorbing fluid inside, situated along the cylinder focal line. The steam is kept on heating till it becomes superheated. European research on concentrated solar thermal energy. Making solar thermal power generation in india a reality. A highefficiency solar thermal power plant using a dense. Mar 23, 2017 type of power plants and their principle thermal,hydro,gas turbine,nuclear, solar,wind, geo thermal power plant this video gives you the answer of following questions. Solar thermal power plants power technology energy news. In thermal power plant, water is the working fluid.
For that reason, many people hope solar thermal power will be implanted in sunbelt countries. The solar power plant operates on the principle of photovoltaic effect, direct voltage and current are generated in solar cells. Jun 29, 20 energy conversion all power plants convert some form of easily and naturally available energy in to electrical energy. The basic principle of solar thermal heating is to utilize the suns energy and convert it into heat which is then transferred into your home or business heating system in the form of hot water and space heating the main source of heat generation is through roof mounted solar panels which are used. Type of power plants and their principle thermal,hydro,gas turbine,nuclear,solar,wind, geo thermal power plant this video gives you the answer of. The fuel is then fed to the boiler generating a large amount of combustion heat.
It is conservatively assumed in this paper that an additional will be added to the. The process excels with its consistent environmental compatibility. Solar pv power generation system detailed project report solar pv power generation system detailed project report for 20. Operation of a solar thermal parabolic trough plant. This technology offers many of the advantages of traditional power generation without. With the hot fluid and thanks to the laws of thermodynamics, steam can be generated. Solarthermal power plants are one of the key technologies for the production of. Heat from the suns rays is collected and used to heat a fluid. Hence, a 50 mwe solar thermal power plant will cost 100250 million. At very good sites, todays solar thermal power plants can generate electricity in the range of 0. The power block that will convert the thermal energy to electricity is based on organic rankine cycle. Power towers rely on thousands of heliostats, which are large, flat suntracking mirrors, to focus and concentrate the suns radiation onto a single towermounted receiver. Survey of thermal storage for parabolic trough power plants.
It is in these tubes where the light energy is transferred in the form of thermal energy. The now gaseous material is subsequently expanded, possibly after fur. What a plant is generating is the plant utilization factor. Advances in concentrating solar thermal research and technology provides detailed information on the latest advances in cst systems research and technology. The fuel is transported from mines via trains to the fuel storage facility in a power plant. Energy conversion all power plants convert some form of easily and naturally available energy in to electrical energy. It promotes a deep understanding of the challenges the different cst technologies are confronted with, of the research that is taking place worldwide to address those challenges, and of the. Solar thermal power plant an overview sciencedirect topics. The front surface of the module consists of impact resistant low iron and high transmission toughened glass. One of the major benefits of solar thermal energy is that it involves a thermal intermediary, so it fossil fuels can easily be used integrated. Solar thermal power plants can work in both areas as well. Advances in concentrating solar thermal research and. Although the amount of land a concentrating solar power plant occupies is larger than that of a fossil fuel plant, both types of plants use about the same amount of land because fossil fuel plants use additional land for mining and exploration as.
In august 2002, spain passed a new law according to which solar thermal electricity is refunded at app. There are two main types of solar power systems, namely, solar thermal systems that trap heat to warm up. Solar thermal electric power plants thermal systems. Energy conversion taking place in the thermal power plant5 5. Using parabolic mirrors, the power plant captured and concentrated solar energy and used it to heat oil for boiling water. Solar thermal technology is largescale by comparison. This land, presumably originally chosen for its sun exposure, begs to be used for solar thermal energy. Australias first concentrated solar thermal plant enters.
They are shaped like a halfpipe youd see used for snowboarding or. In addition, solar thermal power plants are becoming one of the most promising technologies to produce clean and sustainable energy. The use of conventional components, as well as the combination of a solar thermal power plant with fossil power plants into a hybrid power plant, is absolutely possible. Certainly, the right size of the solar field is the first selection with regard to nominal electrical power.
Introduction solar thermal power plants can guarantee supply security by integration of thermal energy storages and or by using a solar fossil hybrid operation strategy. Mediumtemperature collectors are also usually flat plates but are used for heating water or air for residential and commercial use. The future of solar power deployment depends on how we deal with. Mar 05, 2014 solar thermal systems there are two types of solar thermal systems. The two major parts of a solar thermal electric power plant are the component that collects the solar energy and converts it to heat and the component that then converts the heat energy into electricity. Parabolic trough solar thermal electric power plants. In spite of certain drawbacks, the solar power plants make the right use of the suns energy and have till date been successful in supplying electricity all over the world. Solar thermal is the use of a vapor power cycle that requires the concentration of solar energy to reach high temperatures and reasonable thermal efficiency. One big difference from pv is that solar thermal power plants generate electricity indirectly. Solar thermal power systems may also have a thermal energy storage system component that allows the solar collector system to heat an energy storage system during the day, and the heat from the storage system is.
1521 608 1310 1177 540 509 63 786 1449 226 1572 353 1330 1116 697 1252 726 566 754 813 37 1573 40 1317 960 1101 269 879 684 665 630 1119 335 228 631 105 280 1293 1359 184 796 1059 254 1185